What the Disease Is It is a common endocrine disorder which affect women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hormonal imbalances that lead to irregular or absent menstrual cycles, ovulatory dysfunction, and the presence of multiple small cysts on the ovaries. PCOS can also impact a woman’s metabolic health, leading to insulin resistance and…
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Infertility is a complex condition that affects both men and women, stemming from various issues related to reproductive organs, hormonal balance, or other factors that influence conception. It can be categorized into primary infertility, where a couple has never been able to conceive, and secondary infertility, where a couple has previously conceived but is currently…
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Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious medical condition marked by elevated blood pressure within the pulmonary arteries, the vessels responsible for transporting blood from the heart to the lungs. This increased pressure places significant strain on the right side of the heart, potentially leading to heart failure if not addressed promptly. Pulmonary hypertension can be…
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Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) is a serious medical condition primarily characterized by significant difficulty in breathing due to inadequate lung function. This condition is most commonly observed in premature infants whose lungs have not fully matured. Known also as Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome or Hyaline Membrane Disease, RDS refers to the accumulation of a substance…
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Lung cancer is a critical and often life-threatening condition characterized by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells within the lungs. This uncontrolled growth leads to the formation of tumors that can invade surrounding tissues and potentially metastasize to other areas of the body. Lung cancer is more prevalent in the form of Non-Small Cell Lung…
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COVID-19, a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and rapidly escalated into a global pandemic. The disease primarily affects the respiratory system but can also impact various other organs, leading to a wide array of symptoms. The range of symptoms can vary significantly, from mild manifestations…
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Whooping cough, medically known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis. This disease is characterized by severe, prolonged coughing fits that can culminate in a high-pitched “whoop” sound during inhalation, although it is important to note that not all individuals infected with pertussis exhibit this distinctive sound. Whooping…
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs but can also involve other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, spine, and brain. The causative agent of this disease is the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is known for its slow growth and thick, waxy cell wall that provides resistance to many…
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Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the air passages that connect the trachea to the lungs. This inflammation results in increased mucus production, which can obstruct airflow and lead to persistent coughing. There are two primary forms of bronchitis: acute and chronic, each with distinct characteristics, causes, and treatment approaches. Acute Bronchitis typically…
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection characterized by inflammation in the lung tissue, particularly affecting the alveoli—tiny air sacs essential for gas exchange. When these alveoli become inflamed, they may fill with fluid or pus, which can significantly impair the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Pneumonia can range in severity from mild to life-threatening…
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