What is Monkeypox Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus, which is classified within the Orthopoxvirus genus. This virus is closely related to the variola virus, responsible for smallpox, but monkeypox typically presents as a less severe illness. The history of monkeypox dates back to its initial identification in laboratory monkeys…
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What Are Kidney Stones? Kidney stones, medically known as renal calculi, are hard, crystalline mineral deposits that form within the kidneys. These stones can vary significantly in size and shape, ranging from as small as a grain of sand to as large as a golf ball. Their formation occurs when there is an imbalance in…
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Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood due to defects in insulin production, insulin action, or both. It is primarily divided into two main types: Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Understanding these two types is crucial for effective management and…
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Obesity is a chronic medical condition characterized by an excessive accumulation of body fat that presents significant health risks. It is commonly measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), with a BMI of 30 or higher typically classified as obese. Obesity is not merely a matter of physical appearance; it is a serious health…
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What the Disease Is Breast cancer is a type of malignant tumor that arises in the breast tissue. It ranks among the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women globally, although men can also develop the disease. The condition starts when breast cells begin to grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor that may invade nearby tissues or…
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What the Disease Is Depression, clinically known as major depressive disorder (MDD), is a widespread mental health issue that profoundly affects an individual’s emotional state, cognitive function, and overall physical health. It is marked by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a significant lack of interest or pleasure in activities that were once enjoyable. This…
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What is Hypertension? Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition marked by consistently elevated pressure within the arteries. Blood pressure is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) and is represented by two numbers: systolic pressure, which indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats. A diagnosis of…
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A heart attack, medically known as a myocardial infarction (MI), is a critical medical event that occurs when the blood supply to a section of the heart muscle is severely restricted or entirely blocked for an extended period. This lack of blood flow leads to damage or death of the affected heart tissue. The most…
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Coronary artery disease (CAD), often referred to as coronary heart disease (CHD), is a significant health condition characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, which are responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscle. This blockage is primarily caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits, known as plaques, on the walls of…
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Heart failure, commonly referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), is a chronic and progressive condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively enough to meet the body’s needs for oxygen and nutrients. This inefficiency can arise from various underlying issues, such as weakened heart muscle, damaged heart valves, or other structural…
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